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Mostrando postagens com marcador Sri Srimad Bhaktivedanta Narayana Maharaja. Mostrar todas as postagens
Mostrando postagens com marcador Sri Srimad Bhaktivedanta Narayana Maharaja. Mostrar todas as postagens

segunda-feira, 25 de março de 2013

O que é Bhakti pura?


O que é Bhakti pura?

por Sri Srimad Bhaktivedanta Narayana Maharaja

Sri Jagannatha Puri:

09 de outubro de 2001 (pm)Datilógrafos: Srimati Yasoda Gopi Devi Dasi e Srimati Radhika Devi Dasi
Editor: Srimati Syamarani Devi Dasi


[Como de costume em Puri, Srila Narayana Maharaja falou em uma combinação de Hindi, Bengali, e Inglês. O Inglês é apresentado como ele é, e quando falou de outra forma, ele chamou vários discípulos para traduzir:]

Ontem eu expliquei em breve como Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu, o oceano infinito de rasa, inspirado todas as verdades na nuvem como Srila Raya Ramananda. Então, Ele, por sua vez ouviu e realizou todas essas verdades de Srila Raya Ramananda. Ele atingiu vijnana, a realização dessas verdades. Agora, se você quiser entrar profundamente no diálogo de Srila Raya Ramananda, Raya Ramananda Samvad, você tem que saber algumas coisas primárias. Aqueles que querem realmente entrar profundamente Raya Ramananda Samvad e realizá-lo, deve ser sincero. Eles devem ser muito sincero. Eles devem saber o que é bhakti perfeito, isto é, svarupa-siddha-bhakti, e eles devem saber o que é sanga-siddha-bhakti, aropa-siddha-bhakti, karma e jnana-Misra-bhakti. A definição de pura svarupa-siddha-bhakti é o barómetro de bhakti e, a partir dele podemos saber se um está realizando bhakti e que classe de bhakti que ele está dentro Caso contrário, não pode.

Primeiro devemos tentar explicar o que é bhakti.

[Sripad Madhava Maharaja traduzir Hindi Srila Narayana Maharaja:] Srila Maharaja explicou apenas que antes de Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu, acaryas tantas veio a este mundo, como Sandilya Rsi, Parasara Muni, Narada Rsi, Vyasa, etc Sandilya Rsi definiu em bhakti seus livros. Ele explicou que, se a pessoa tem grande apego e um sentido de "possessividade" para Deus, que é chamado de bhakti, mas ele não esclarecer quem é Deus - o Senhor Krishna, Senhor Ramachandra, ou qualquer encarnação Vishnu. Depois disso, a nossa Purvacarya [anterior acarya] Sri Narada Rsi definiu bhakti em seu Narada-Pancaratra:

sarvopadhi-vinirmuktam
tat-paratvena nirmalam
hrsikena Hrishikesha-
sevanam bhaktir ucyate
"Bhakti, ou serviço devocional, significa envolver todos os nossos sentidos a serviço do Senhor, a Suprema Personalidade de Deus, o mestre de todos os sentidos. Quando a alma espiritual presta serviço até o Supremo, existem dois efeitos colaterais. Uma é libertado de todas as designações de materiais, e os sentidos são purificados simplesmente por ser empregada no serviço do Senhor. " (Cc. Madhya 19,170)Sarvopadhi-vinirmuktam. Você tem que estar livre de todas as designações de materiais, tais como: "Eu sou um rei", "Eu sou um sujeito", "Eu sou o marido desta senhora," ou "Eu sou uma mulher." Tat-paratvena nirmalam. Há dois princípios neste mundo. Uma é tat-padartha e outro padartha tam-. Tat significa Bhagavan, e tam significa que a jiva. Tat-paratvena. Você tem que ser absorvido completamente no bhajana de Bhagavan, que triste-vastu, a realidade. Em seguida, estará o seu coração puro. Tat-paratvena nirmalam / hrsikena Hrishikesha-sevanam. Depois disso, estar de coração puro, você deve servir a Deus com todos os seus sentidos.Ambarisa Maharaja nos mostrou a luz de como servir a Deus com todos os sentidos. Se você fizer isso, então será bhakti.

No Srimad Bhagavatam vimos também a definição de bhakti:

sa Vai pumsam paro dharmo
yato bhaktir adhoksaje
ahaituky apratihata
yayatma suprasidati
["A ocupação suprema (dharma) para toda a humanidade é aquele pelo qual os homens podem alcançar o serviço devocional amoroso ao Senhor transcendente. Serviço devocional deve ser imotivado e ininterrupto para satisfazer a si mesmo." (Srimad Bhagavatam 1.2.6)]Em outro sloka afirma-se:

laksanam oi bhakti-yogasya
nirgunasya hy ​​udahrtam
ahaituky avyavahita
ya bhaktih purusottame
["A manifestação do serviço devocional puro é exibido quando a mente é ao mesmo tempo atraído para ouvir o nome transcendental e as qualidades da Suprema Personalidade de Deus, que reside no coração de todos. Assim como a água do Ganges flui naturalmente para baixo para o oceano, êxtase devocional, ininterrupta por qualquer condição material, flui para o Senhor Supremo. " (Srimad Bhagavatam 3.29.12)]Sa Vai pumsam paro dharmo. Esta é a melhor religião para as entidades vivas. Aqui pumsam todas as entidades vivas. Ahaituky apratihata / yayatma suprasidati.Um tem que servir continuamente. Meios contínuos como uma sequência ininterrupta de mel. Se você derramar mel de uma jarra, seu fluxo é um fluxo ininterrupto de cima para baixo. Da mesma forma, você vai ter que fazer bhakti continuamente. Aqui atma significa que tanto a alma ea Superalma vai ficar satisfeito. Se a Superalma está satisfeito, então a alma será automaticamente satisfeito.

Afinal, pela misericórdia sem causa de Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu, Srila Rupa Gosvami definido bhakti em seu Bhakti-rasamrta-sindhu. Ouvindo essa definição, todos os associados de Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu ficou muito feliz. Erguendo os dois braços, Srila Haridas Thakura começou a dançar. Agora Srila Maharaja vai explicar a definição de Srila Rupa Gosvami.

[Srila Narayana Maharaja falou novamente em hindi e Sripad Ramacandra dasa Adhikari traduzido suas palavras:] Srila Maharaja é explicar aqui que, a fim de permitir-nos a entrar Raya Ramananda e Sri Mahaprabhu Samvad, primeiro temos que saber o que é bhakti. Srila Maharaja tomou a bhakti definição de Srila Rupa Gosvami. Definição de Srila Rupa Gosvami inclui todas as outras definições dos acaryas anteriores. Anyabhilasita sunyam jnana karmady-anavrtam, anukulyena krsnanu-silanam bhakti uttama.
Qual é a svarupa-laksana, natureza intrínseca, de bhakti? É anukulyena krsnanu-silanam, esforços constantes realizados para satisfazer Krsna. Ao mesmo tempo, deve saber o que deve ser evitado. Isso é chamado de tatastha-laksana, característica marjinal, de bhakti. O tatastha-laksana é anyabhilasita sunyam jnana karmady anavrtam.

[Sripad Aranya Maharaja (traduzindo Hindi Srila Narayana Maharaja):] Srila Maharaja explicou o que é anusilanam, nivrtti-mulaka e pravrtti-mulaka, fazendo esforços constantes para rejeitar o que é desfavorável e aceitar o que é favorável para bhakti.

Quando sadhana é maduro então:

'Juba' nija-siddha-deha kariya bhavana
ratri-dine kare vraje krsnera sevana
"Existem dois processos pelos quais pode-se executar este bhakti raganuga -. Externa e interna Quando a auto-realizada, o devoto avançado externamente permanece como um neófito e executa todas as liminares sástricos, especialmente as que dizem respeito ouvir e cantar Mas dentro de sua mente. em seu original, purificada, a posição de auto-realizado, ele serve Krsna em Vrndavana em sua forma particular. Ele serve Krsna 24 horas por dia, durante todo o dia e noite. " (Cc. Madhya 22,157)Serviço interno significa servir por bhava, como Srila Rupa Gosvami e Srila Raghunatha dasa Gosvami ter feito. Em sua definição, Srila Rupa Gosvamipad não parou, dando a krsnanushilanam palavra. Ele também usou outra palavra, e que é anukulyena. Qual é a necessidade dessa palavra? Isso significa que a ausência de pratikula-bhava, um humor antagónica em relação a Krsna.

Algumas pessoas pensam que "agradável a Krsna 'meio anukulyena, mas este não é o significado. Anusilanam significa esforços que são ininterrupta, acontecendo sem qualquer freio, como um fluxo de mel. Anu também significa no anugatya, sob a orientação de, rasika-bhagavat-Vaisnavas. Srila Maharaja disse: "Não seja como Rupa Kaviraja Ele não estava seguindo os seus idosos e superiores Ele não estava sob a sua direcção;... Vez que ele fez de forma independente o seu próprio caminho novo e processo que não é anusilanam.

Como deve ser realizada anusilanam? Anukulyena. Esta palavra não significa dar prazer a Krsna. Anukulyena significa a ausência de pratikula-bhava, um estado de espírito que é desfavorável.

Por que é necessário entender isso? Srila Maharaja explicou que se dizer que os esforços simplesmente dar Krsna felicidade, então, dois tipos de falhas brotará. Um tipo de erro é chamado avyapti dosa-, e o outro é chamado ativyapti. Isso deve ser entendido de forma muito clara. O vyapti palavra significa cobertura. A definição de bhakti deve cobrir ou incluir tudo o que é bhakti. Se a definição é muito estreita, pode excluir algumas coisas que são realmente bhakti, e que é chamado avyapti-dosa, a falha de sub-extensão da definição. A outra falha é chamado ativyapti-dosa. Isso significa que quando a definição é muito ampla, muito solto, em seguida, que abrange tudo o que é bhakti mas estende-se ainda mais para cobrir essas coisas que não são bhakti. Esta é a falha de mais de extensão da definição.

Srila Maharaja então deu um exemplo para ilustrar avyapti-dosa e ativyapti-dosa. O primeiro é ativyapti-dosa, a falta de uma definição que o excesso de estende-se de incluir o que não é bhakti. O exemplo é os lutadores Canura e Mustika. Quando Krishna e Balarama veio para a arena de luta livre de Kamsa, Canura, Mustika, Kosala, e os outros lutadores estavam prontos para lutar com Krishna. Eles desafiaram-lo e inspirou sua mente com vira-rasa, um clima de heroísmo. Enquanto wrestling, Krsna experimentou tanta felicidade. Luta dos lutadores era agradável a Krsna, mas não foi bhakti em tudo. Os lutadores tiveram pratikula-bhava, um humor que era contra Krishna. Eles não estavam preocupados com a felicidade de Krsna. Eles queriam matá-Lo. Eles não estavam preocupados com seu bem-estar e auspiciosidade. Eles não achavam que Ele deve ser beneficiado e feliz em sua vida. Desta forma, mesmo que a atividade de combate era agradável a Krishna e lhe deu felicidade, os lutadores tiveram próprios pratikula-bhava.
Anukula significa "pratikula-bhava-rohita '. Quando pratikula-bhava está ausente, ele é chamado anukulyena. Se alguém diz, portanto, que krsnanushilanam anukulyena significa empreendimentos que agradam a Krsna, a definição será estendido para incluir Canura e Mustika, que não tinha bhakti em tudo. Esta seria a culpa da ativyapti-dosa, sobre a extensão da definição.

O segundo tipo de falha na definição é chamado avyapti-dosa. Mãe Yasoda estava alimentando Krsna seu leite materno, e Krsna estava muito satisfeito por isso.No entanto, quando ela viu que o leite no fogão estava fervendo, embora Krsna queria continuar a beber, Mãe Yasoda derrubá-lo com uma mão e deixou-o, e foi cuidar do leite. Krishna não estava satisfeito com isso. Ele mordeu os lábios. Ele ficou zangado e frustrado, e as lágrimas vieram de seus olhos. Ele estava tão irritado que ele pegou um vaso de iogurte e quebrou.
Parece, então, que este esforço, este krsnanushilanam que foi executada por Yasoda Maiya, não era agradável a Krsna. Portanto, se tomarmos a palavra para dizer anukulyena agradável a Krsna, a atividade de Mãe Yasoda não será incluído dentro de uttama-bhakti. Dizer isso seria uma falha de avyapti-dosa, sub-extensão da definição.

Na verdade, todas as atividades de Mãe Yasoda foram completamente e totalmente bhakti. Ela não tinha idéia de Bhagavata de Krishna, que Ele é Parabrahma. Ela só estava pensando como ele será beneficiado e como sua vida vai ser auspicioso. Ela estava pensando: "Se o leite ferver, em seguida, o que aconteceria? Ao meu leite materno não posso fazer sandesh, eu não posso fazer Khira, e eu não posso fazer tantas outras preparações. Se eu não alimentar estes a Krishna, Ele não vai ser feliz. " Portanto, colocando Krsna para baixo, ela teve o cuidado de leite. Ela tinha tanto amor por Krishna, que às vezes parecia que ela tem mais amor por tadiya-vastu, as substâncias em conexão com Krishna, do que para o próprio Krsna. Por quê? Isso aconteceu porque essas coisas deu felicidade a Krishna e fez sua vida auspiciosa e bem sucedida.
Srila Maharaja deu outro exemplo: Se Krishna vai rasgar sua roupa ou perder seus ornamentos, Mãe Yasoda vai torcer a orelha e dar-lhe uma bofetada. Ela lhe mostrará um pedaço de pau e ameaça: "Ó, eu vou bater em você." E quando ela faz isso, Krsna torna-se aborrecido. Ele não está satisfeito com isso, então por que ela está fazendo isso? Ela pensa: "Krsna deve crescer para ser bem comportado e responsável, e desta forma será seu futuro auspicioso e feliz. Sua atividade é realmente cheio bhakti, anukulyena, porque é pratikulya-rohita. O esforço pode ser agradável a Krsna ou ele pode não ser agradável a Krsna, mas de certa forma é para seu benefício. Srila Gurudeva levantou um ponto. Se alguém tem esse humor, anukulyena, significando que eles são desprovidos de pratikula-bhava, eles vão estar fazendo bhakti? Não, ele ainda não ser bhakti. Será bhakti quando há tanto anukulyena e krsnanusilinam.

[Srila Narayana Maharaja:] Eu dei um exemplo de Krishna na infância com Baladeva, Sudama, Madhumangala, e outros amigos vaqueiros.

[Sripad Aranya Maharaja:] Srila Maharaja deu o exemplo de Brahmanda Ghata. Quando Krsna era uma criança pequena, seu irmão Baladeva e tantos amigos disse Yasoda Maiya que Krsna estava comendo terra. Yasoda Maiya tornou-se muito preocupado. Se um bebê come terra, ele vai ficar doente. Por isso, ela veio e perguntou: "Você já comeu terra?"
Krishna disse: "Ó mãe, eu não comi nenhuma terra."

"Baladeva e todos os seus amigos estão dizendo que você tem feito isso. Mostre-me sua boca."
Krishna abriu a boca e Mãe Yasoda olhou para dentro. Ela não só viu terra, mas todos os planetas e todos os universos dentro da boca de Krsna. Ainda assim, Mãe Yasoda não tinha idéia de que Krsna é o Senhor Supremo. Ela só estava pensando: "Ele é meu filho. Se Ele está satisfeito ou não satisfeito com o que eu faço, isso não é importante. Krsna deve crescer para ser feliz e auspicioso em sua vida."
Srila Maharaja explicou que, se apenas este humor de pratikula-rohita está lá, ele ainda não será bhakti. Ambos os elementos devem estar aí, isto é, anukulyena e também krsnanushilanam. Quando ambos se combinam, este será uttama-bhakti - desde que não haja anyabhilasita sunyam jnana karmady-anavrtam. Note-se que a falha de ativyapti e avyapti a culpa é de definição, não é culpa de Mãe Yasoda ou Canura e Mustika.

Srila Maharaja explicou o significado de anukulyena, mas isso tem sido usado ao lado do anusilanam palavra. Quando ambas as idéias estão juntos, eles nos revelam o svarupa-laksana, característica natural, de bhakti. Sozinho, nem um nem o outro será suficiente. Se nós tomamos somente a anukulyena palavra, que significa pratikula-rohita, desprovido de um estado de espírito que é antagônico a Krishna, não será bhakti. Nós podemos ver isso no exemplo de um pote de barro. O pote não tem humor contra Krsna, mas não podemos dizer que está a fazer qualquer bhakti, porque não está fazendo qualquer anusilinam. Ele não está realizando qualquer esforço em tudo - não seva. Ele não pode ser feito bhakti.

Srila Maharaja explicou que não são devotos em santa-rasa, o clima de neutralidade. Se alguém em santa-rasa vê uma pessoa criticar e insultar Krishna, eles não fazem nada. Eles não dizem nada e não vai reclamar. Eles vão permanecer em silêncio. Aqueles em santa-rasa não se sente magoado por essas palavras, e, portanto, eles têm anusilinam não muito. Jnani-bhaktas são influenciados por Santa-rasa, e Bhismadeva é um exemplo. Na batalha de Kurukshetra, Bhisma pegou seu arco, disparou flechas contra Krishna, cortou seu corpo e fez sangrar.

[Srila Maharaja:] Por que ele fez isso? Ele estava pensando que Krsna é a Suprema Personalidade de Deus, e Ele, portanto, não pode ser ferido.

[Sripad Aranya Maharaja (traduzindo):] Krsna tem um corpo transcendental. Ele não pode ser dividida. Ele é a Verdade Absoluta e, portanto, ele não vai sentir qualquer dor. Ele não pode ser cortado, ele não pode ser morto, e assim não há nenhum dano. Bhismadeva é um bhakta? Ou, ele é um não-devoto, porque ele está fazendo isso para Krsna? Não, ele não é um não-devoto. Mesmo que ele estava atirando flechas em Krsna, ele não teve pratikula-bhava. Ele não tem nenhum sentimento contra Krishna. Sua jnana, o conhecimento da divindade de Krsna, permitiu-lhe pensar que Krishna não foi ferido por suas ações.
[Srila Maharaja:] Bhisma Pitamaha não chegou a lutar com Krishna, nem ele atirar nele. Quem fez? Um demônio dentro dele. [Sripad Aranya Maharaja]: Srila Jiva Gosvamipada explicou em seu comentário que um demônio entrou Bhismadeva e era ele quem estava atirando Krishna. Vemos, pois, que anukulyena estava lá.Bhismadeva foi pratikula-bhava-rohita, mas ele não estava fazendo qualquer seva para Krsna. Assim, quando há anukulyena, um clima favorável para Krsna, juntamente com anusilanam, o cultivo de todos os esforços do corpo, mente, palavras e humor, que é contínuo e sob a orientação dos devotos puros, isto é chamado de svarupa-laksana de uttama-bhakti.

Srila Maharaja então disse que também teremos de saber a característica extrínseca ou marginais de bhakti, que é chamado tatastha-laksana. O tatastha-laksana de uttama-bhakti foi definido na linha anyabhilasita sunyam jnana karmady-anavrtam.
Anyabhilasita sunyam. Primeiro de tudo, a ideia geral significa que não há egoísmo. O devoto não serve Krsna para obter nada em troca. Ele não está fazendo anusilanam para sua própria felicidade ou com qualquer expectativa. Mas aqui não é indicado "anyabhilas-sunyam ', completamente desprovido de todos os outros desejos. O versículo está dizendo 'anyabhilasita sunyam'. "Sita" Este sufixo indica que um deve ser desprovido de todos os desejos, exceto o serviço de Krsna em uma de svabhava, sua posição natural. Se alguém está sentado cantar e tudo está em paz, então, em sua natureza não tem outro desejo além de servir a Krsna. Se uma calamidade, de crise ou grande perigo virá, se alguém vem para matar ou bater aquela pessoa, então na época de sua natureza regular, sua svabhava, se transforma, e nesse momento ele pode gritar: "Ó Krsna, salva-me . " Nesta situação, o devoto está pedindo Krsna algo para si mesmo, mas esse humor não está nele. Ele não está em seu svabhava em circunstâncias normais. Portanto, com a palavra anyabhilasita, este sufixo 'sita' fez uma concessão para incluir este devoto na definição de uttama-bhakti.
Srila Maharaja então explicou os anyabhilas palavras. Este é o desejo de adoração e fama e assim por diante. Um deve ser desprovido de todas essas coisas, e ele deve desejar nada para si mesmo. "Sita" é dado para indicar que estas coisas não estão presentes em um de svabhava. Srila Maharaja deu alguns exemplos para ilustrar isso:

O primeiro exemplo é Draupadi. Draupadi servido Krsna, e ela não queria nada em troca. No entanto, vemos que, quando Dusasana veio para tirar a roupa, em que momento ela gritou: "Ele Govinda, ó Govinda, por favor, salve-me!" Aparentemente, ela foi pedir algo para si mesma. Será que isso significa que a sua actividade não era bhakti pura? Não, porque, na sua svabhava, em sua condição normal, ela nunca iria pedir Krsna para qualquer coisa. Somente neste momento de crise ou de calamidade que ela estava chamando. Portanto, sua ação está incluída na definição de uttama-bhakti.
Por outro lado, vejamos o exemplo de Dhruva Maharaja. Dhruva Maharaja não estava em qualquer situação ou situação perigosa, mas ele estava de pé e gritando seu mantra, pensando: "Eu quero um reino maior do que a de meu avô." Dhruva é anyabhilas. Seu desejo que não seja a satisfação de Krishna estava em sua svabhava, e, portanto, ele não pode ser incluído na categoria de um uttama-bhakta.
Srila Maharaja então veio com o tema da jnana-karmady anavrtam. Srila Rupa Gosvamipad nunca disse 'jnana karmady-sunyam,' ser desprovido de karma e jnana.Ele disse 'jnana karmady-anavrtam. Seu carma e sua jnana, o conhecimento que você tem e as atividades que você realiza, não deve cobrir sua bhakti. Ninguém pode se tornar livre de jnana e karma. Comer é um carma, a respiração é um carma, indo aqui e ali - todos estes são karmas. Nós não podemos ser livres destes, e nós também temos que executar algumas tarefas na sociedade. Eles devem ser feitos de tal forma, no entanto, que eles não cobrem bhakti.
Srila Maharaja explicou que você não pode ficar sem jnana, e especialmente no início, jnana é muito bom. Vamos ter que ter algum conhecimento do que é bhakti-tattva e assim por diante. Por tattva-jnana, por saber siddhanta, a mente será constante, e com uma mente firme um pode se tornar absorvido. Alguns jnana é bom, portanto. Não vai cobrir bhakti. Por outro lado, jnana impessoal cobrirá bhakti.
Srila Maharaja deu o seguinte exemplo: Se alguém morre, em seguida, de acordo com o karma-kanda sastra, os parentes terão de fazer alguma sraddha. Eles terão de fazer uma cerimônia para seu parente falecido. Eles vão ter que fazer algumas oferendas. Por quê? Estar neste mundo, se alguém vai cometer atividades pecaminosas, consciente ou inconscientemente, haverá uma reação, e eles vão ter que ir para o inferno e sofrer. Seus descendentes fazer esta cerimônia sraddha, e por isso eles oferecem prasadam para seus parentes falecidos que se tornam livres do sofrimento.

Se alguém é um Vaisnava e harinama cantando durante toda sua vida, não há qualquer necessidade de fazer qualquer sraddha para eles? Que necessidade há? Eles podem ir para o inferno? Será que eles vão estar em uma condição de sofrimento? Não, eles vão quer estar em uma posição melhor ou podem mesmo voltar para casa, de volta ao Supremo. Não há necessidade de fazer sraddha para Vaisnavas. Ainda assim, Vaisnavas podem fazer sraddha para seus parentes falecidos. Por quê? Quando executar esta função que irá convidar sadhus tantas juntamente com todos os seus parentes. Haverá harinama sankirtana, aulas sobre hari-katha, e prasadam distribuídos a todos. Todo mundo vai se beneficiar. Ao mesmo tempo, os Vaisnavas não tem uma crença de que, "Se eu fizer isso sraddha minha bhakti vai aumentar."

Se alguém tem a fé de que, "Ao realizar sraddha minha bhakti será aumentada", ou se alguém tem uma fé que, "Ao não fazer sraddha este será perigoso e prejudicial para o meu serviço devocional", então esse carma será avrta. Ele cobrirá bhakti. Quando os karmas e deveres deste mundo são realizados sem a fé que eles vão quer ser favorável ou desfavorável à bhakti, eo artista se envolve de uma forma isolada, tais atividades podem ser feitas favorável para a pregação ou para bhakti.Que o karma não cobre bhakti e é, portanto, permitida.

Gaura premanande!


What is Pure Bhakti?


by Sri Srimad Bhaktivedanta Narayana Maharaja

Sri Jagannatha Puri:
October 9, 2001 (pm)Typists: Srimati Yasoda Gopi devi dasi and Srimati Radhika devi dasi
Editor: Srimati Syamarani devi dasi

[As usual in Puri, Srila Narayana Maharaja spoke in a combination of Hindi, Bengali, and English. The English is presented as it is, and when he spoke otherwise, he called on various disciples to translate:]
Yesterday I explained in brief how Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu, the endless ocean of rasa, inspired all truths in the cloud-like Srila Raya Ramananda. Then, He in turn heard and realized all these truths from Srila Raya Ramananda. He attained vijnana, realization of those truths. Now, if you want to enter deeply in the dialogue of Srila Raya Ramananda, Raya Ramananda Samvad, you will have to know some primary things. Those who want to really deeply enter Raya Ramananda Samvad and realize it, should be sincere. They should be very sincere. They should know what is perfect bhakti, that is, svarupa-siddha-bhakti, and they should know what is sanga-siddha-bhakti, aropa-siddha-bhakti, and karma-jnana-misra-bhakti. The definition of pure svarupa-siddha-bhakti is the barometer of bhakti, and from it we can know whether or not one is performing bhakti and what class of bhakti he is in. Otherwise we cannot.
First we should try to explain what is bhakti.
[Sripad Madhava Maharaja translating Srila Narayana Maharaja's Hindi:] Srila Maharaja just explained that prior to Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu, so many acaryas came to this world, like Sandilya Rsi, Parasara Muni, Narada Rsi, Vyasa, etc. Sandilya Rsi has defined bhakti in his books. He explained that if one has great attachment and a sense of 'mineness' for God, that is called bhakti, but he did not clarify who is God — Lord Krsna, Lord Ramacandra, or any Visnu incarnation. After that, our Purvacarya [previous acarya] Sri Narada Rsi has defined bhakti in his Narada-pancaratra:

sarvopadhi-vinirmuktam
tat-paratvena nirmalam
hrsikena hrsikesa-
sevanam bhaktir ucyate
"Bhakti, or devotional service, means engaging all our senses in the service of the Lord, the Supreme Personality of Godhead, the master of all the senses. When the spirit soul renders service unto the Supreme, there are two side effects. One is freed from all material designations, and one’s senses are purified simply by being employed in the service of the Lord." (Cc. Madhya 19.170)Sarvopadhi-vinirmuktam. You have to be free from all material designations, such as, "I am a king," "I am a subject," "I am the husband of this lady," or "I am a wife." Tat-paratvena nirmalam. There are two principles in this world. One is tat-padartha and another tam-padartha. Tat means Bhagavan, and tam means the jiva. Tat-paratvena. You have to be absorbed completely in the bhajana of Bhagavan, who sad-vastu, the reality. Then your heart will be pure. Tat-paratvena nirmalam / hrsikena hrsikesa-sevanam. After that, being pure hearted, you should serve God with all of your senses. Ambarisa Maharaja has shown us the light of how to serve God with all one's senses. If you do that, then it will be bhakti.
In Srimad Bhagavatam we have also seen the definition of bhakti:

sa vai pumsam paro dharmo
yato bhaktir adhoksaje
ahaituky apratihata
yayatma suprasidati
["The supreme occupation (dharma) for all humanity is that by which men can attain to loving devotional service unto the transcendent Lord. Such devotional service must be unmotivated and uninterrupted to completely satisfy the self." (Srimad Bhagavatam 1.2.6)]In another sloka it is stated:

laksanam hi bhakti-yogasya
nirgunasya hy udahrtam
ahaituky avyavahita
ya bhaktih purusottame
["The manifestation of unadulterated devotional service is exhibited when one’s mind is at once attracted to hearing the transcendental name and qualities of the Supreme Personality of Godhead, who is residing in everyone’s heart. Just as the water of the Ganges flows naturally down towards the ocean, such devotional ecstasy, uninterrupted by any material condition, flows towards the Supreme Lord." (Srimad Bhagavatam 3.29.12)]Sa vai pumsam paro dharmo. This is the best religion for living entities. Here pumsam means all living entities. Ahaituky apratihata / yayatma suprasidati. One has to serve continuously. Continuous means like an unbroken stream of honey. If you pour honey from a jar, its flow is an unbroken stream from top to bottom. Similarly, you'll have to do bhakti continuously. Here atma means that both the soul and Supersoul will be pleased. If the Supersoul is pleased, then the soul will be automatically pleased.
After all, by the causeless mercy of Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu, Srila Rupa Gosvami has defined bhakti in his Bhakti-rasamrta-sindhu. Hearing that definition, all the associates of Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu became overjoyed. Raising his two arms, Srila Haridasa Thakura began to dance. Now Srila Maharaja is going to explain Srila Rupa Gosvami's definition.
[Srila Narayana Maharaja again spoke in Hindi and Sripad Ramacandra dasa Adhikari translated his words:] Srila Maharaja is explaining here that in order to enable ourselves to enter Raya Ramananda and Sri Mahaprabhu Samvad, first we have to know what is bhakti. Srila Maharaja has taken the definition bhakti from Srila Rupa Gosvami. Srila Rupa Gosvami's definition includes all the other definitions of the previous acaryas. Anyabhilasita sunyam jnana-karmady-anavrtam, anukulyena krsnanu-silanam bhakti uttama.
What is the svarupa-laksana, intrinsic nature, of bhakti? It is anukulyena krsnanu-silanam, constant endeavors performed to please Krsna. At the same time, we should know what should be avoided. That is called the tatastha-laksana, marjinal characteristic, of bhakti. The tatastha-laksana is anyabhilasita sunyam jnana-karmady-anavrtam.
[Sripad Aranya Maharaja (translating Srila Narayana Maharaja's Hindi):] Srila Maharaja has explained what is anusilanam, nivrtti-mulaka and pravrtti-mulaka, making constant endeavors to reject what is unfavorable and accept what is favorable for bhakti.
When sadhana is mature then:

‘mane’ nija-siddha-deha kariya bhavana
ratri-dine kare vraje krsnera sevana
"There are two processes by which one may execute this raganuga bhakti - external and internal. When self-realized, the advanced devotee externally remains like a neophyte and executes all the sastric injunctions, especially those concerning hearing and chanting. But within his mind, in his original, purified, self-realized position, he serves Krsna in Vrndavana in his particular way. He serves Krsna twenty-four hours a day, all day and night." (Cc. Madhya 22.157)Internal service means serving by bhava, as Srila Rupa Gosvami and Srila Raghunatha dasa Gosvami have done. In his definition, Srila Rupa Gosvamipad has not stopped by giving the word krsnanusilanam. He also used another word, and that is anukulyena. What is the necessity of this word? It means the absence of pratikula-bhava, an antagonistic mood towards Krsna.
Some people think that anukulyena means 'pleasing to Krsna', but this is not the meaning. Anusilanam means endeavors which are uninterrupted, going on without any brake, like a flow of honey. Anu also means in the anugatya, under the guidance of, rasika-bhagavat-vaisnavas. Srila Maharaja said, "Don't be like Rupa Kaviraja. He was not following his seniors and superiors. He was not under their guidance; rather he independently made his own new path and process. That is not anusilanam.
How should anusilanam be performed? Anukulyena. This word does not mean giving Krsna pleasure. Anukulyena means the absence of pratikula-bhava, a mood which is unfavorable.
Why is it necessary to understand this? Srila Maharaja explained that if we say that the endeavors simply give Krsna happiness, then two types of faults will spring up. One kind of fault is called avyapti-dosa, and the other is called ativyapti. This should be understood very clearly. The word vyapti means covering. The definition of bhakti should cover or include everything that is bhakti. If the definition is too narrow, it may exclude some things that are actually bhakti, and that is called avyapti-dosa, the fault of under-extension of the definition. The other fault is called ativyapti-dosa. That means when the definition is too broad, too loose, then it covers everything which is bhakti but it extends further to cover those things which are not bhakti. This is the fault of over-extension of the definition.
Srila Maharaja then gave an example to illustrate avyapti-dosa and ativyapti-dosa. The first is ativyapti-dosa, the fault of a definition that over-extends itself to include that which is not bhakti. The example is the wrestlers Canura and Mustika. When Krsna and Balarama came to the wrestling arena of Kamsa, Canura, Mustika, Kosala, and the other wrestlers were ready to fight with Krsna. They challenged Him and inspired His mind with vira-rasa, a mood of heroism. While wrestling, Krsna experienced so much happiness. The wrestlers' fighting was pleasing to Krsna, but it was not bhakti at all. The wrestlers had pratikula-bhava, a mood that was against Krsna. They were not concerned with Krsna's happiness. They wanted to kill Him. They were not concerned with His auspiciousness and welfare. They did not think He should be benefited and happy in His life. In this way, even though the activity of fighting was pleasing to Krsna and gave Him happiness, the wrestlers themselves had pratikula-bhava.
Anukula means 'pratikula-bhava-rohita'. When pratikula-bhava is absent, it is called anukulyena. If one says, therefore, that anukulyena krsnanusilanam means endeavors which please Krsna, the definition will then be extended to include Canura and Mustika, who had no bhakti at all. This would be the fault of ativyapti-dosa, over-extension of definition.
The second type of fault in definition is called avyapti-dosa. Mother Yasoda was feeding Krsna her breast-milk, and Krsna was very pleased by this. However, when she saw that the milk on the stove was boiling over, although Krsna wanted to continue drinking, Mother Yasoda put Him down with one hand and left Him, and went to take care of the milk. Krsna was not pleased by this. He bit His lips. He became angry and frustrated, and tears came from His eyes. He was so angry that He took a vessel of yogurt and broke it.
It seems, then, that this endeavor, this krsnanusilanam that was preformed by Yasoda Maiya, was not pleasing to Krsna. Therefore, if we take the word anukulyena to mean pleasing to Krsna, Mother Yasoda's activity will not be included within uttama-bhakti. Saying this would be a fault of avyapti-dosa, under-extension of the definition.
Actually, all of Mother Yasoda's activities were completely and fully bhakti. She had no idea of Krsna's Bhagavata, that He is Parabrahma. She was only thinking how He will be benefited and how His life will be auspicious. She was thinking, "If the milk will boil over then what would happen? By my breast-milk I cannot make sandesh, I cannot make khira, and I cannot make so many other preparations. If I don't feed these to Krsna, He will not be happy." Therefore, putting Krsna down, she took care of the milk. She had so much love for Krsna that sometimes it seemed that she has more love for tadiya-vastu, the substances in connection with Krsna, than for Krsna Himself. Why? This was because these things gave happiness to Krsna and made His life auspicious and successful.
Srila Maharaja gave another example: If Krsna will tear His cloth or lose His ornaments, Mother Yasoda will twist His ear and give Him a slap. She will show Him a stick and threaten, "O, I will beat you." And when she does this, Krsna becomes upset. He is not pleased with this, so why is she doing it? She thinks, "Krsna should grow up to be well behaved and responsible, and in this way His future will be auspicious and happy. Her activity is really full bhakti, anukulyena, because it's pratikulya-rohita. The endeavor may be pleasing to Krsna or it may not be pleasing to Krsna, but somehow it is for His benefit. Srila Gurudeva raised a point. If someone has this mood, anukulyena, meaning they are devoid of pratikula-bhava, will they be doing bhakti? No, it will still not be bhakti. It will be bhakti when there is both anukulyena and krsnanusilinam.
[Srila Narayana Maharaja:] I gave an example of Krsna in boyhood with Baladeva, Sudama, Madhumangala, and other cowherd friends.
[Sripad Aranya Maharaja:] Srila Maharaja gave the example of Brahmanda Ghata. When Krsna was a small child, his brother Baladeva and so many friends told Yasoda Maiya that Krsna was eating earth. Yasoda Maiya became very concerned. If a baby eats earth he will become sick. She therefore came and asked, "Have You eaten earth?"
Krsna said, "O mother, I have not eaten any earth."
"Baladeva and all Your friends are saying that You have done so. Show me Your mouth."
Krsna opened His mouth and Mother Yasoda looked inside. She not only saw earth, but all the planets and all the universes inside the mouth of Krsna. Still, Mother Yasoda had no idea of that Krsna is the Supreme Lord. She was only thinking, "He is my child. If He is pleased or not pleased by what I do, this is not important. Krsna must grow up to be happy and auspicious in His life."
Srila Maharaja explained that if only this mood of pratikula-rohita is there, it will still not be bhakti. Both elements must be there; that is, anukulyena and also krsnanusilanam. When both combine, this will be uttama-bhakti - as long as there is no anyabhilasita sunyam jnana-karmady-anavrtam. Note that the fault of ativyapti and avyapti is the fault of definition, not the fault of Mother Yasoda or Canura and Mustika.
Srila Maharaja has explained the meaning of anukulyena, but this has been used next to the word anusilanam. When both ideas are together, then they reveal to us the svarupa-laksana, natural characteristic, of bhakti. Alone, neither one nor the other will suffice. If we only take the word anukulyena, which means pratikula-rohita, devoid of a mood which is antagonistic to Krsna, it will not be bhakti. We can see this in the example of an earthen pot. The pot has no mood against Krsna, but we cannot say it is doing any bhakti because it is not doing any anusilinam. It is not performing any endeavor at all - no seva. It cannot be doing bhakti.
Srila Maharaja explained that there are devotees in santa-rasa, the mood of neutrality. If someone in santa-rasa sees a person criticize and insult Krsna, they will do nothing. They will not say anything and they will not complain. They will remain silent. Those in santa-rasa will not feel hurt by those words, and therefore they have not much anusilinam. Jnani-bhaktas are influenced by santa-rasa, and Bhismadeva is an example. In the battle of Kuruksetra, Bhisma took his bow, fired arrows at Krsna, cut His body and made it bleed.
[Srila Maharaja:] Why did he do so? He was thinking that Krsna is the Supreme Personality of Godhead, and He therefore cannot be injured.
[Sripad Aranya Maharaja (translating):] Krsna has a transcendental body. It cannot be divided. He is the Absolute Truth and therefore He will not feel any pain. He cannot be cut, He cannot be killed, and so there is no harm. Is Bhismadeva a bhakta? Or, is he a non-devotee because he is doing this to Krsna? No, he is not a non-devotee. Even though he was shooting arrows at Krsna, he had no pratikula-bhava. He has no mood against Krsna. His jnana, knowledge of Krsna's Godhood, allowed him to think that Krsna was not hurt by his actions.
[Srila Maharaja:] Bhisma Pitamaha did not actually fight with Krsna, nor did he shoot at Him. Who did? A demon inside him. [Sripad Aranya Maharaja]: Srila Jiva Gosvamipada explained in his commentary that a demon entered Bhismadeva and it was he who was shooting Krsna. We therefore see that anukulyena was there. Bhismadeva was pratikula-bhava-rohita, but he was not doing any seva for Krsna. So when there is anukulyena, a favorable mood towards Krsna, along with anusilanam, the cultivation of all endeavors of the body, mind, words, and moods, which is continuous and under the guidance of pure devotees, this is called the svarupa-laksana of uttama-bhakti.
Srila Maharaja then said that we'll also have to know the extrinsic or marginal characteristic of bhakti, which is called tatastha-laksana. The tatastha-laksana of uttama-bhakti has been defined in the line anyabhilasita sunyam jnana-karmady-anavrtam.
Anyabhilasita sunyam. First of all, the general idea means there is no selfishness. The devotee does not serve Krsna to get anything in return. He is not doing anusilanam for his own happiness or with any expectations. But here it is not stated 'anyabhilas-sunyam', completely devoid of all other desires. The verse is saying 'anyabhilasita sunyam'. This suffix 'sita' indicates that one should be devoid of all desires except for the service of Krsna in one's svabhava, his natural position. If one is sitting down chanting and everything is peaceful, then in his nature he has no desire other than to serve Krsna. If a calamity or crisis or great danger will come, if someone comes to kill or beat that person, then at that time his regular nature, his svabhava, becomes transformed, and at that time he may call out, "O Krsna, save me." In this situation the devotee is asking Krsna for something for himself, but this mood is not in him. It is not in his svabhava in ordinary circumstances. Therefore, by the word anyabhilasita, this suffix 'sita' has made a concession to include this devotee in the definition of uttama-bhakti.
Srila Maharaja then explained the word anyabhilas. This is the desire for worship and fame and so on. One should be devoid of all these things, and he should desire nothing for himself. 'Sita' is given to indicate that these things are not present in one's svabhava. Srila Maharaja gave some examples to illustrate this:
The first example is Draupadi. Draupadi served Krsna, and she didn't want anything in return. Yet, we see that when Dusasana came to take away her clothes, at that time she called out, "He Govinda! O Govinda, please save me!" Apparently she was asking for something for herself. Did this mean that her activity was not pure bhakti? No, because in her svabhava, in her ordinary condition, she would never ask Krsna for anything. Only at this time of crisis or calamity was she calling. Therefore her action is included in the definition of uttama-bhakti.
On the other hand, let us see the example of Dhruva Maharaja. Dhruva Maharaja was not in any predicament or dangerous situation, but he was standing and chanting his mantra, thinking, "I want a kingdom greater than that of my grandfather." Dhruva is anyabhilas. His desire other than the satisfaction of Krsna was in his svabhava, and therefore he cannot be included in the category of an uttama-bhakta.
Srila Maharaja then came to the topic of jnana-karmady-anavrtam. Srila Rupa Gosvamipad never said 'jnana-karmady-sunyam,' to be devoid of karma and jnana. He said 'jnana-karmady-anavrtam.' Your karma and your jnana, the knowledge that you have and the activities that you perform, should not cover your bhakti. No one can become free from jnana and karma. Eating is a karma, breathing is a karma, going here and there - these are all karmas. We cannot be free from these, and we will also have to perform some duties in society. They should be done in such a way, however, that they do not cover bhakti.
Srila Maharaja explained that you cannot be without jnana, and especially in the beginning, jnana is very good. We will have to have some knowledge of what is bhakti-tattva and so on. By tattva-jnana, by knowing siddhanta, the mind will be steady, and with a steady mind one can become absorbed. Some jnana is good, therefore. It will not cover bhakti. On the other hand, impersonal jnana will cover bhakti.
Srila Maharaja gave the following example: If someone dies, then according to karma-kanda sastra, the relatives will have to do some sraddha. They will have to do a ceremony for their deceased relative. They will have to make some oblations. Why? Being in this world, if anyone will commit sinful activities, knowingly or unknowingly, there will be a reaction and they will have to go to hell and suffer. Their descendents do this sraddha ceremony, and by this they offer prasadam to their deceased relatives who become free from suffering.
If someone is a Vaisnava and chanting harinama throughout their whole life, is there any necessity to do any sraddha for them? What necessity is there? Can they go to hell? Will they be in a suffering condition? No, they will either be in a better position or they may even go back home, back to Godhead. There is no need to do sraddha for Vaisnavas. Still, Vaisnavas may do sraddha for their deceased relatives. Why? When they perform this function they will invite so many sadhus along with all their relatives. There will be harinama sankirtana, classes on hari-katha, and prasadam distributed to everyone. Everyone will get benefit. At the same time, the Vaisnavas don't have a belief that, "If I do this sraddha my bhakti will increase."
If someone has the faith that, "By performing sraddha my bhakti will be increased," or if someone has a faith that, "By not doing sraddha this will be dangerous and detrimental to my devotional service," then this karma will be avrta. It will cover bhakti. When the karmas and duties of this world are performed without faith that they will either be favorable or unfavorable to bhakti, and the performer engages in a detached way, such activities can be made favorable for preaching or for bhakti. That karma does not cover bhakti and it is thus permitted.
Gaura premanande!


                                                                          Jay Srila Gurudeva !





terça-feira, 27 de dezembro de 2011

Desaparecimento de Jiva Gosvami Hari Katha por Sri Srimad Bhaktivedanta Narayana Maharaja



Homenagem ao dia do desaparecimento de Jiva Gosvami

Sri Jiva Gosvami, uma personalidade muito elevada e santa dentro da linha de sucessão discipular vaisnava. A seguir a tradução de uma pequena biografia retirada do livro Sri Navadvipa-dhama escrito pelo nosso mui amado mestre espiritual Sri Srimad Bhaktivedanta Narayana Maharaja.

Sri Jiva Gosvami era o filho de Sri Anupama (Vallabha). Quando era um garoto ele recebeu o darsana de Mahaprabhu quando Ele foi até a vila de Ramakeli. Sri Rupa Gosvami colocou Sri Jiva Gosvami aos pés de Mahaprabhu que, por Sua vez, colocou Suas mãos de lótus sobre a cabeça de Jiva.

Jiva estudou gramática e as escrituras enquanto jovem. Após este período, ele foi para Navadvipa onde Sri Nityananda Prabhu o conduziu no Sri Navadvipa parikrama. Sri Nityananda Prabhu também o levou para receber o darsana de Sri Visnupriya. Ele então enviou Jiva para Rupa e Sanatana em Sri Vrndavana-dhama. No caminho, Jiva parou em Kasi por algum tempo e estudou Vedanta com Sri Madhusudana Vacaspati, um discípulo de Sri Sarvabhauma Bhattacarya. Em particular ele estudou o Vedanta, como Sarvabhauma Bhattacarya ouvira de Sriman Mahaprabhu. Quando ele chegou à Vrndavana abrigou-se nos pés de lótus de Sri Rupa Gosvami e Sri Rupa e Sanantana Gosvamis lhe intruiram acerca de toda literatura bhakti. Sri Rupa Gosvami deu-lhe iniciação diksa e o ensinou o conteúdo dos livros que escrevera.

Naquela época, Sri Jiva Gosvami era renomado como o maior erudito do mundo. Vaisnavas dos três dhamas – Vraja-mandala, Gauda-mandala e Ksetra-mandala – costumavam receber instruções dele. Ele instruiu Sri Narottama dasa Thakura, Srinivasa Acarya e Sri Syamananda Prabhu sobre toda a literatura bhakti. Dentre seus principais trabalhos estão os Sat-sandarbhas, Sarvasamvadini, Harinama-vyakarana, Gopala-campu, Madhava-mahotsava, Krana-sandarbha e os comentários sobre Bhakti-rasamrta-sindhu, Ujjvala-nilamani e Brahma-samhita.


fonte:
http://radhesyama.multiply.com/journal/item/42/Homenagem_ao_dia_do_desaparecimento_de_Srila_Jiva_Gosvami

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domingo, 20 de fevereiro de 2011

Appearance Day of Srila Bhakti Prajnana Kesava Gosvami Maharaja

Appearance Day of Srila Bhakti Prajnana Kesava Gosvami Maharaja

by Sri Srimad Bhaktivedanta Narayana Maharaja

 
Srila Bhatiprajnana Kesava Maharaja in Govardhana Gaudiya Matha
 
[This year, 2005, the anniversary of the divine appearance day of Srila Bhakti Prajnana Kesava Gosvami Maharaja is Feb. 27th. We pray you will kindly accept the following glorification, given on this same day, in Singapore, on Feb. 11, 2001.]
Today is the very sacred anniversary of the birth of my spiritual master, nitya-lila pravistha om visnupada Sri Srimad Bhakti Prajnana Kesava Gosvami Maharaja. He appeared in this world, on this day, to fulfill the needs of his dearmost Sri Sri Radha-Krsna, Gaura-Nityananda Prabhu, and Sri Gaura-Gadadhara. He came to help all the conditioned souls to come out of this jail. We are in jail – all of us. He came to save us from the jail of this world.

Our Gurudeva is the manifestation of jagad-guru Srila Vyasadeva. It may also be said that he is a manifestation of akanda-guru-tattva Baladeva Prabhu or Nityananda Prabhu. Since Vyasadeva is Lord Narayana Himself, we can surely say that Sri Gurudeva is a manifestation of Vyasadeva. Sri Guru sits on the vyasasana, the 'vyasa seat', the seat on which Vyasadeva used to sit. In other words, he sits on the seat from which Vyasadeva preached the glory of Radha and Krsna all over the world.
Today we will glorify him. We will also glorify guru-tattva and explain how guru-tattva descends from Goloka Vrndavana.

Don’t think that this bhakti philosophy is useless; otherwise you will be very weak and give up the bhakti line. I am hearing about this problem – daily. So many disciples of Srila Bhaktivedanta Swami Maharaja and other bona fide Gurus are giving up bhakti and becoming weak. They are leaving Krsna consciousness and accepting worldly family life. Why? It is because they don't know this philosophy.
You should try to know all these truths. If you do not know them now, one day you will have to know them. It may be after thousands of lives, but one day you will have to know all these philosophical conclusive truths. Don't think it useless to know them. If you don’t want to fall down, then learn all them very, very deeply.

My Guru Maharaja rendered so many direct services to Srila Prabhupada Bhaktisiddhanta Sarasvati Thakura, like massaging him and so on, and he was always with him for as long as he was present in this world. His glory is like an ocean. You have heard so many prabhus glorify him, but we can never complete His glorification.
You should know that the backbone of krsna-bhakti is guru-nistha, unalloyed faith in Sri Guru. If one has no guru-nistha, he has no bhakti at all. In Indian Vedic culture it is the tradition that one should accept a transcendental Guru. If he or she has not accepted Guru, no one will take any food prepared by him. No one will even drink the water which as been offered by him – not even his father or mother. Do you understand what I am telling? If a son or daughter is married, if he or she has not accepted a Guru, then his or her cooking or offering will not be accepted by his Vedic family. First one will have to accept a high class of Guru, and then he or she can cook and perform all related services. In Indian Vedic tradition from ancient times up to now, it was essential to accept a bona fide Guru. Nowadays, however, the Western breeze is also coming towards India, and thus India is rejecting Vedic principles. We are especially rejecting Guru. Instead we think, "What is Gurudeva? Gurudeva is nothing. There is no need of Gurudeva."
Minute by minute people are changing their wives and husbands. They divorce many times in one life, and therefore no one is happy. If you want to be happy you, should accept a qualified Guru and guru-parampara. If you do not do so, you will have to experience the miseries of old age and death. When you die, whatever you have collected in your life cannot be taken with you. Always remember that death is sure. No one can save you from death. What, then, will become of these palatial buildings and the many other things you have collected? Try to understand this. By guru-bhakti our lives will be changed and we will be happy forever.

What is vyasa? The line that touches the opposite sides of the circumference of a circle by going through the central point is called the diameter or vyasa. What is the meaning? Krsna is the center of all. Not only this one world, but so many millions upon billions of universes are in this circle. Srila Vyasadeva is touching Krsna, and then he is going to all the innumerable ends of material existence. Who is Vyasa? He who is preaching the glories of Krsna to all, teaching everyone: "You should serve Lord Sri Krsna. No one but He can save you from this endless chain of birth and suffering." Vyasa is he who is always serving Krsna, from one point to another, everywhere in this material world.

Vyasa took birth in between Mathura and Vrndavana, on an island in the Yamuna. Parasara Muni was his father, and his mother was Srimati Matsyodhari. Parasara Muni was going somewhere and wanted to cross the Yamuna. He called the boatman, but that boatman was very tired and he sent his adopted daughter in his stead. Because his daughter had been born from the womb of a fish, a fishy odor emanated from her, but at the same time she was very beautiful. He ordered her, "Take the ferry boat and help that Rsi Parasara". Ordered by her father, Matsodari took the boat and told Parasara, "You can come. I will take you across." When she reached the island in the middle of the Yamuna, Parasara looked upon her. At once she became pregnant, and in a moment she gave birth to a very tall, beautiful, blackish youth of sixteen years. Who was he? Vyasa. He had come by the mercy of Krsna through Parasara, but he was actually Narayana. He immediately renounced this world.

After some time he divided the Vedas in four – Rg Veda, Sama Veda, Yajur Veda and Atharva Veda. After that he wrote the essence of all the Vedas, and that was called Brahma-sutra, Sarika-sutra, or Vedanta-sutra. After that he wrote thirty-six Puranas: Puranas, Upa Puranas and Sakha Puranas. Then, for all people: for ladies, sudras, and all those who always lament and who are entangled in worldly intoxications, he wrote the Mahabharata. In that Mahabharata he gave the jewel-like Gitopadesa. Prior to this he gave the catura-sloki Bhagavatam, which Sri Narada had taken from Lord Brahma. There was yet no Srimad Bhagavatam, however, and so he was not satisfied with his life.
Sri Narada came to him and asked, "Why you are so upset"?
Srila Vyasadeva replied, "Gurudeva, I don’t know."

Narada then told him, "You have not glorified Lord Sri Krsna and His pastimes of Vrndavana, and you have not discussed how the gopis and all the Vrajavasis serve Him. You should glorify Him, His many devotees, His beloved gopis, and especially His beloved Radhika."

Vyasadeva then saw all the pastimes of Lord Krsna and His associates in his trance, and thus he wrote Srimad Bhagavatam and became happy. The essence, therefore, of all Vedic literature – Upanisads, Puranas, and Bhagavatam – is Vraja-prema and moreover gopi-prema, and especially the love and affection of Srimati Radhika, who controls Krsna and always keeps Him in Her heart.
A Guru can give these mysterious truths; otherwise it is not possible to understand them. He gives all this to his disciple, so that he can become happy. Ravana had so much opulence, and millions of servants who lived in palaces made of gold and jewels. All kinds of opulences were present in Lanka; no poor people there. Ravana had ten heads, twenty eyes, and twenty ears, and he had conquered the whole world. But he was not happy, because he could not control his heart or mind. He could not control his lust. Therefore, the greatest and strongest person is he who can control his six urges:
vaco vegam manasah krodha vega
jihva-vegam udaropastha-vega
etan vegan yo visaheta dhira
sarvam apimam prthivim sa sisyat
["A sober person who can tolerate the urge to speak, the mind’s demands, the actions of anger and the urges of the tongue, belly and genitals is qualified to make disciples all over the world."]
If one cannot control his anger, his words, his tongue and his mind, he cannot do anything to help himself. You know the ex-president of America – Bill Clinton. He was so famous, and he was a very strong personality, but he could not check his heart and he became entangled with an office girl. Such persons cannot do anything productive. Therefore, if you want to be happy in this world, try to follow Vyasadeva. Try to follow a real Guru. Previous to writing Srimad Bhagavatam, Srila Vyasadeva made four disciples: Paila, Sumanta, Jaimini, and Vaisampayana; and he trained each of them in one of the four Vedas. Especially in South India, the Vedas, Upanisads and Sanskrit sastras are followed. Nowadays, however, especially those outside of India have gradually left their traditions. Something is in their blood; they believe in God, but they have given up all religious principals. They take meat, eggs, wine and so on. They cannot control the six urges.
Understanding the future, Vyasa gave one Veda to each of these four disciples, and he gave the Mahabarata and Puranas to Ugrasrava Suta.

Vyasa served his Gurudeva, Sri Narada. He followed his Guru’s teachings and he preached the glory of Sri Sri Radha-Krsna everywhere. He taught the supremacy of Krsna and Radha’s love and affection throughout the world. This is Vyasa.
A disiple is he who can serve his Gurudeva as more than his own life and soul. A disciple is not one who is simply satisfied with the thought, "Oh, Gurudeva has given me a name," but he does not chant, he does not realize anything, and especially he is not following the principles of Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu. The principles of Mahaprabhu are the essence of all the Vedas:
trnad api su-nicena taror iva sahisnuna
amanina manadena kirtaniya sada harih
["One should chant the holy name of the Lord in a humble state of mind, thinking oneself lower than the straw in the street; one should be more tolerant than a tree, devoid of all sense of false prestige and should be ready to offer all respect to others. In such a state of mind one can chant the holy name of the Lord constantly."]
If you want to be a real disciple, you must be tolerant. If you do not have this tolerance, then when a mosquito comes you will make a hydrogen bomb to kill it. You will think, "How shall I save myself from this?!" The whole day and night you will be thinking about this, and krsna-bhajana will disappear. To protect and maintain our life is essential, but why is it essential? Not for living like dogs, hogs or pigs. If anyone is spending his whole time maintaining himself, his is like a dog and other animals. And actually, animals can do more than you. You are very worried about one child, but dogs can have fifteen or sixteen. Two times in a year they can have so many children, and there are many other animals that can have still more than this. So don’t think you are more advanced than animals in this way, or that you are so intelligent. They are more intelligent than you.

If you want to be actually intelligent, then always remember your death and your old age. Always remember that you cannot take anything with you at death, and, if you are not doing bhajana, you will be crushed by maya – thoroughly crushed. At that time you will lament, "Why could I not do bhajana? I’ve failed."
Srila Vyasadeva writes:
labdhva sudurlabham idam bahu-sambhavante
manunyam arthadam anityam apiha dhira
turnam yateta na pated anumrtyu yavan
nihsreyasaya visayah khalu sarvatah syat
["After many births we have attained this human form; therefore before death comes, we should engage ourselves in the transcendental loving service of the Lord. That is the fulfillment of human life."]
The main object of this human life is to try at once, immediately, to realize the Supreme Personality of Godhead. We should realize, "Who am I? I am not this body." This is the teaching of Vyasa.
sa vai punsam paro dharmo
yato bhaktir adhoksaje
ahaituky apratiha
yayatma suprasidati
[“The supreme occupation (dharma) for all humanity is that by which men can attain to loving devotional service unto the transcendent Lord. Such devotional service must be unmotivated and uninterrupted to completely satisfy the self”].
The purpose of this life is to serve the Supreme Personality of Godhead, Krsna, as stated in these two slokas which were preached widely by my Guru Maharaja:
aradhyo bhagavan vrajesa tanayas tad dhama vridavanam
ramya kacid upäsanä vrajavadhu vargena va kalpita
srimad-bhagavatam amalam puranam
sri caitanya mahaprabhor matam idam tatradarah na param
["The Personality of Godhead Sri Krsna, Who is known as the son of the King of Vrajadhama, Sri Nanda Maharaja, is the ultimate worshipful Lord of all Lords. Similarly His residential abode, the holy place of Vrndavana, is as worshipful as the Lord Himself. The ways of His worship may be various, but the one which was conceived by the damsels of Vrajadhama is unsurpassable by any other devotee. Srimad-Bhagavatam Puraëa is the unalloyed guidance for approaching the worshipful Lord, which is the ultimate goal of life. This is the sum total opinion of Lord Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu. We shall bow down our heads before His opinion, and not accept another."]

amanayaha praha tattavam harim iha paramam sarva saktima rasabdhima
tata bhinansansa ca jivan prakritir kavalitan tada vimuktansa ca bhavada
bhedabheda prakasam sakalampi harch sadhanam sudha bhaktim
sadhayam tata pritim eva iti upadesayati janan gauracandra savayam saha
["The authoritative knowledge of Vedas received through the bona fide disciplic succession, establishes the following fundamental truths:

1. Hari is the supreme absolute truth.
2. He is omnipotent.
3. He is the reservoir of all mellows.
4. The living entities are His separated parts and parcels.
5. The conditioned souls are covered by Maya.
6. The liberated souls are beyond the influence of Maya.
7. The entire cosmic manifestation is simultaneously one and different from Him.
8. Suddha-bhakti is the only means to achieve love of Godhead.
9. The goal is to attain love of Godhead.
These teachings have been instructed by Gauracandra Himself."]
If anyone traverses this path, he must be happy. No one will be able to check his happiness.

The demon Hiranyakasipu was practically immortal. He had so much opulence. He used to control Vayu, the god of air, Indra, and all other gods and goddesses, but he could find no happiness. A new being – animal plus man – came to him pulled out his intestines and in a moment. If you do not follow the principals for advancing in devotional service, then from the beginning of your life, day and night, you'll only be thinking, "Money, money, money." Then, after death you will become money. Realize this. It is to give you this message that we have come here. We have come to tell you that you should always remember your death. Always remember Vyasadeva.

Especially those of you who are Indians should remember the place from which you have come. India was previously known as Bharata. What is the meaning of Bharata? 'Bha' means illumination, or light. What is that light? Tattva-jnana. You come from that land where Narada Rsi, Brahma, Sankara, and all the acaryas were present. Transcendental knowledge is everywhere in Bharata. I have come to help you. I have come to remind you that you are coming from Bharata. Don’t forget this knowledge. You can make some money for your maintenance, but what is the purpose of maintaining yourselves? It is to follow the teachings of Srila Vyasadeva.

In relation to Vyasa, there are four personalities who founded the four sampradayas: Brahma, Rudra, Sri and Sanaka. From them came the four sampradaya-acaryas, Madhva, Visnusvami, Ramanuja and Nimbaditya respectively, and they all made commentaries on Vedanta-sutra, or Brahma-sutra. Sri Sankaracarya wrote an explanation of Brahma-sutra called Sariraka-bhasya, or Brahma-sutra-bhasya, and his philosophy was known as advaita-vada, or kevaladvaita-vada. He claimed that brahma (spirit) has no shape, no power and no speciality, and therefore He is nirvisesa-brahma, the qualitiless spirit-whole. Sankaracarya gave all these negative ideas, but he never gave any positive explanation. He said, “Brahma satya jagan mitya. This entire world is false, and only brahma is truth, but that brahma is without powers. There is nothing in him. Sripad Sankaracarya's philosophy was therefore called advaita-vada or mayavada.

After Sankaracarya’s time, Srila Ramanujacarya came to this world and defeated all his arguments. He taught that Sankaracarya’s ideas are not those of the Vedas. Rather, his ideas are against the Vedic principles. We should not follow this. Only demons can follow these ideas. No Vedic person can accept the theory that the Supreme Personality of Godhead has no shape, no attributes and no power. Ramanujacarya defeated all of the arguments of Sankaracarya and called his philosophy visista-advaita-vada (specific monism). He taught that there are millions of jivas and millions of worlds. The Supreme Personality of Brahma has attributes. Innumerable jivas have come from Him, and this world also comes from Him. He exists, along with this world and the jivas. The practice described in Ramanuja's philosophy is bhakti, and the goal is service to the lotus feet of Lord Narayana. Ramanuja accepted the form of Narayana, His attributes, His power, and also His bhakti. He rejected the mayavadi philosophy of advaita-vada.

After Ramanuja came Madhvacarya. He established a certain portion of the Vedas, and his philosophy is called visuddhadvaita or dvaitadvaitavada. In this philosophical understanding there are five differences. You should explain the five differences.

[Aranya Maharaja:] Madhvacarya established the philosophy that there is a difference between brahma and maya, there is a difference between jiva and maya, there is difference between jiva and jiva, and between different manifestations of maya there are also differences. These five types of differences are called dvaitavada.

[Srila Narayana Maharaja:] His practice was bhakti and his aim and object was the service of the Supreme Lord in the form of Vasudeva. Which Vyasudeva? He who has a churning rod in His hand. This form was also accepted by Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu.
After Madhva came Nimbaditya, and his philosophy was visuddha-vedaveda, but svabhavika (natural). He preached that brahma has transformed, and it is from brahma that the whole world is coming. Brahma is alone, but still there are so many jivas and so many associates, like His father and mother. His abode is there, but as a transformation of brahma.

Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu did not like this. He took the essence of all the Vedas – not only part it. He fully took all the moods of the essence of the Vedas and discovered acintya-bhedabheda-tattva. He taught that it is not directly from Lord Sri Krsna that this world and the jivas have come, but rather from His energy. This philosophy is called sakti-parinama-vada, transformation of sakti, or energy. Caitanya Mahaprabhu adopted this philosophy because it asserts that everything has not come from Krsna Himself, but from the power of Krsna. Mahaprabhu defeated the arguments of Nimbaditya’s bhedabheda svabhavika and founded acintya-bhedabheda.

We cannot imagine the truth of His teaching by our mental speculation. It can only be understood through amnaya, the Vedic literature which has been accepted by our guru–parampara. He established the service of Radha-Govinda, Radha-Gopinatha, and Radha-Madana Mohana. The practice of His teachings begins with vaidhi-bhakti and then changes to raganuga- bhakti. By that practice one can achieve Vraja-prema, the supreme goal of life.

If anyone accepts this practice and goal, that person is in the line of Vyasa. We should try to realize this. Somehow you should know the essence of krsna-bhakti, that bhakti which Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu brought from Goloka Vrndavana – gopi-prema. This is the goal of our life. If we accept this, then our Vyasa-puja is complete. The followers of Sankaracarya 'worship' Vyasa, but they don’t follow him. They say Vyasa was ignorant because he wrote that brahma is anandamaya-bhyasa, blissful. The followers of Sankaracarya reject this. They say that brahma is 'bliss', but He is not 'blissful'. In other words, He is not a person.

This is not service to Guru. A disciple must obey and serve his Gurudeva. Serving Gurudeva outwardly by worship and at the same time cutting the arguments and teachings of Gurudeva is not duty or service of a disciple. Yet, Sankaracarya did that.
Why did he do so? It was because Lord Narayana ordered him to do so, to save Himself from being disturbed by demons who came to Him in the name of bhakti but who really only wanted Him to fulfill their selfish desires. Narayana had told Sankaracarya, "You must preach in this world, ‘You are brahma.’ You must tell them to meditate on the conceptions: Aham brahmasmi (I am that impersonal God), sarvam kalvidam brahma (the impersonal God is everything) and tat-tvam-asi (you are also that).'"

There are so many things to discuss, but somehow try to know this: If you want to be happy in this world, then accept an exalted, transcendental Guru who knows Gita, Bhagavatam, the Puranas and Vedas, who can remove all doubts, and who chants harinama sankirtana purely, following trnad api sunicena taror iva sahisnuna. Such a Guru practices bhakti as received from Vyasa, Narada, and all other bona fide spiritual masters. He serves and glorifies his Gurudeva throughout the world, as we see in the lives of Srila Bhaktisiddanta Saraswati Gosvami, Srila Bhaktivinoda Thakura, Srila Bhaktivedanta Swami Maharaja, and my Gurudeva Srila Bhakti Prajnana Kesava Gosvami Maharaja. If you want to follow, you will be happy.

Gaura-premanande hari hari bol.

Typists: Kalindi dasi, Sulata dasi and Kanaka Manjari dasi
Editor: Syamarani dasi
HTML: Bhutabhavana dasa


http://www.bvml.org/SBPKM/index.htm

segunda-feira, 26 de julho de 2010

Who Can You Trust? by Tridandisvami Sri Srimad Bhaktivedanta Narayana Maharaja

Perth, Australia: December 27, 1998

[This discourse was given on the appearance day of Srila Jiva Gosvami. On that day, new guests were present to hear Srila Narayana Maharaja speak. Srila Narayana Maharaja explained at the beginning of his class that for the benefit of the guests, he would first discuss Srila Jiva Gosvami’s statements regarding an introduction to Krsna Consciousness. Therefore, feel free to show it to friends and relatives who are not yet familiar with the principles of Krsna consciousness:]

In this world we trust various persons. In the transcendental world – in other words, regarding transcendental subject matters – whom should we trust? We cannot see the transcendental world by our eyes, and we cannot touch it with any of our senses. So how can we have an idea of the transcendental world, and how can we decide who the Supreme Personality of Godhead is? We have seen the body, but we have not seen the soul.

How can we trust that there is a God from whom this creation has come, and that is He controlling the entire world? We cannot control the world, and we cannot see our soul. Even though God is here in this world, we do not see Him.

Srila Jiva Gosvami has explained that all of our senses are imperfect. Therefore, we cannot believe the information given by our senses regarding anything we see before us. Our eyes cannot see our own eyes nor can they see what is inside our body. Our eyes cannot see the soul inside the body. Our material senses have some power, but they are limited. Therefore, especially regarding to transcendental subject matters, we cannot trust our senses.

We see that so many people take birth daily, and thousands upon thousands are dying daily. Who is controlling this? Sea waves are coming on time, the sun is rising at the exact time, and new days come regularly, on time. So, everything is controlled. We are not controlling this, so who is controlling?
God is called the Creator: G-generator, O – Operator, and D – destroyer of this world. We do not see Him, so what is the proof that there is a God? What is the proof that there are unlimited souls? These senses cannot help us regarding transcendental matters. Our seeing, our touching, and all of our sensory information are defective.

Srila Jiva Gosvami states that only transcendental words are to be trusted. They can show the real path and what they tell is the truth. These transcendental words have been discussed in the Vedas (the most ancient of all revealed scriptures), Upanisads, and especially the Srimad-Bhagavatam. Transcendental knowledge is present there, so we must trust the words of the Vedas.

Suppose a man says that we can trust what we can see. He may say, “We cannot believe anything that we cannot see.” But there are so many things we trust that are beyond our seeing power.
Once, when my Gurudeva was riding with me on a train, an officer approached and asked him, “Do you believe in God?”

Guru Maharaja replied, “Yes.”

The officer said, “Why? I don't believe in God because I don't see Him. I can only trust something if my eyes can see it.”

Gurudeva at once replied, “This is not true. You believe so many things that you have not seen. Can you say who your father is?”

The officer said, “Yes,” and the man told the name of his father.

Gurudeva asked, “How do you know that this person is your father? Do you have any proof?'
The officer began to look this way and that, realizing that he had no proof. At the time his father and mother were meeting, he had not taken birth, so he had not seen his father then. His mother had told him, “He is your father.” On this proof he could say, “He is my father.” If our mother tells a lie, we have no other recourse. We trust that our mother will not lie.

The words of the Vedas are more trustworthy than those of our mother, father or anyone else. A mother can tell a lie, but transcendental words cannot tell lies. Everything has been told in the Vedas, especially in the Srimad-Bhagavatam, so it is the supreme evidence.

Sometimes we can only speculate about what the eyes are seeing, but if the eyes see according to the Vedas – if they follow the words of the Vedas – then there may be some trust. Otherwise you cannot trust them.

For example, from a distant place we might see someone coming, and we think that person is our father. But then, as he comes closer, we may see that it is not actually our father, but a person who resembles him. So the eyes are not evidence. Srimad-Bhagavatam is the evidence, as well as the Vedas and Upanisads.

Then the officer asked, “Who is God?”

Gurudeva replied, “Krsna is the Supreme Personality of Godhead.”
The officer asked, “Why?”

Guru Maharaja replied, “Somewhere it is said that God has no form, no attributes, and no qualities; but the Vedas tell us that He has form and so many qualities.

If God has no form, then from where did this world come? The world is full with so many forms. ‘Something’ cannot come from ‘nothing’. Therefore God must have a form, and His form is the most beautiful. There is no one as beautiful as Him. Krsna has all varieties of good qualities. For example, He is so merciful. If God is not merciful, how can He know our difficulties, sorrows and sufferings and how can He help us? God is the embodiment of love and affection. If He were not so, then what is the use of such a God? If He cannot help us in our miseries and love us, then what is the use of that God? There would be no use. God can generate and regulate everything and destroy the whole world in a moment, and He can create millions of worlds, suns, and moons in a second. Therefore, He must be so powerful. We cannot do as He does.

Srila Jiva Gosvami tells us that: we are not this body, we are the soul inside the body. We are captured in a jail; in a cage. Although we do not want to become old and die, we are bound to become old – if we don’t die in youth. Our hair will be white, our eyesight will become weak, and the day will come when we are not able to walk without a stick. Then, one day we will have to give up this body.

Within this body there is a transcendental person who is never born and never becomes old or dies. He never becomes a child, a youth or an old person. He is the controller of the entire world and all other souls. He is God. He never dies. He never changes His position. He is almighty, He knows past, present and future. He is omniscient. He can do anything He likes, and He is also very merciful – causelessly merciful.

Srila Jiva Gosvami has explained that God is omnipotent. All powers or potencies are eternally invested in Him.

When He is with His supreme intrinsic internal potency (svarupa-sakti) – His power who lives within Him, He can create millions of worlds, He can play anywhere and He can do anything. That svarupa-sakti is also called antaranga-sakti (internal potency). By the arrangement of that svarupa-sakti and all His qualities, He manifests as plenary portions and parts of plenary portions of Himself, and those expansions are called svamsa. Svamsa means ‘plenary expansion’ and some examples of such plenary expansions or incarnations are Rama, Balarama, and Nrsingha.

When He is with His marginal energy (tatastha-sakti), that part of Him is called vibhinamsa-jiva, or the soul within us.

We are part and parcel of God, but now we have forgotten Him, and that is why another of His potencies, maya, has taken us to this world and has covered our souls. We have forgotten who we are and who is God, and we are now in an endless chain of birth, death, sorrow and suffering. Because of this forgetfulness, no one in this world is happy. We are not serving God or desiring His mercy, and we are not coming out of His deluding potency maya. That is why we are always suffering.

In this world you can scrutinize and see that even emperors, chief ministers and presidents are all suffering. Even if you have some happiness in youth, still there are so many problems. One day we will surely have to give up this body. Even if we are not able to say whether God is real or not, we can very easily say that death is true. No one can deny this – even people who do not believe in God. Everyone is bound to say, “Death is sure”. All sufferings are real, but we don't know why we are suffering. We are like animals – always quarreling, always eating, sleeping, mating and defending. We think that we will be happy by this, but we cannot.

Srila Jiva Gosvami tells us that all those in all species, such as humans, demigods, animals, birds, fish, trees, creepers – those who have sense of feeling sorrow and happiness – all are souls like us, although other species are somewhat more covered by the material modes of nature.

Among all these species, a human body has special qualities. If someone calls you, you hear and come. You can see your future. Animals don’t see their future. Or, they can see very little.

Some animals, like monkeys, donkeys, and cows, can see their very near future; not more. Suppose there are many cows or goats being taken to a slaughter house. As they are approaching the moment of death, if you give them grass, they will quarrel over it: “I will take it!” “No, I will take it!” They cannot understand that they are about to reach the slaughterhouse. In this human body, we can think about these things. We can think further into the future.

Thinking about the future, some humans make bombs. They think, “We will destroy others and control others, and then we will be happy.” Others are thinking, “No, this will not make us happy.” How can we become happy? Only by realizing who we are as spirit souls, where we have come from, and where we must go after death.

We may wonder why a person takes birth as a daughter or son of the prime minister of Australia and, at the next moment, another person is taking birth in a very poor family. Why is one born very beautiful and another is born lame? Why will a particular poor man later become a prime minister or president? A wise, intelligent man realizes the reasons, and thus the human form is supreme among all species. In this human body, if we are not thinking about topics such as: “Why am I suffering?” “Why am I moving toward death?” “Who am I,” and “Who is God?” then we are no better than a two-legged animal. In this case, there is no difference between an animal and a human birth.

Srila Jiva Gosvami has explained that all humans, trees, creepers, and animals have some sense of gratification, and they all have some love and affection. Suppose you sweetly call a dog. “Come on, come on,” and show him love, he will come, wagging his tail. If there is love in you and you show and feel that love, then even if a tiger or a lion comes, he will not be ferocious. Everywhere there is love and affection – even in trees. They also have feelings.

Our religion is love and affection, and God is the embodiment of love and affection. He is very merciful, and He has all kinds of powers. We are His parts and parcels. If you realize this fact, surely you will escape the chain of sorrow and suffering.

This is bhakti-yoga.

If you practice bhakti-yoga, the maintenance of your life and family will somehow automatically come, from previous births’ karma. Test it. If you sit in your room for seven or eight days, or one month, chanting, “Hare Krsna, Hare Krsna, Krsna Krsna, Hare Hare, Hare Rama, Hare Rama, Rama Rama, Hare Hare,” you will see that you are being maintained, even though you are not doing anything for it. Even after a hundred years, until death, all your necessities will come. We should trust in this principle. While we are in this human form of life, we should try to know who we really are.

There are persons in this world who know these things, who have realization of the soul and God, and who have some link with God. By their own practice they can show you this path, and by way of practice, you can also have some realization. Such a teacher is called acarya, guru, or holy spiritual master. Such a guru will never fall. We should try to associate with him.

Srila Jiva Gosvami’s spiritual master, Srila Rupa Gosvami, has written that we can thus reach perfection in this human body.

adau sraddha tatah sadhu-
sango 'tha bhajana-kriya
tato 'nartha-nivrttih syat
tato nistha rucis tatah
athasaktis tato bhavas
tatah premabhyudancati
sadhakanam ayam premnah
pradurbhave bhavet kramah

["In the beginning one must have a preliminary desire for self-realization. This will bring one to the stage of trying to associate with persons who are spiritually elevated. In the next stage one becomes initiated by an elevated spiritual master, and under his instruction the neophyte devotee begins the process of devotional service. By execution of devotional service under the guidance of the spiritual master, one becomes free from all material attachment, attains steadiness in self-realization, and acquires a taste for hearing about the Supreme Personality of Godhead, Sri Krsna. This taste leads one further forward to attachment for Krsna consciousness, which is matured in bhava, or the preliminary stage of transcendental love of God. Real love for God is called prema, the highest perfectional stage of life."
(Bhakti-rasamrta-sindhu 1.4.15-16)]

There is a God, we are parts and parcels of God, and we must serve Him. The desire or tendency to serve Him is called sraddha, and it comes by the association of a pure devotee. If we desire to serve Godhead, but after sometime we have no association with advanced devotees, that desire will dry up. This is going on nowadays. We see so many devotees who had sraddha, and after that came to take initiation and engage in devotional service (bhajana-kriya) and bhajana-sadhana (hearing, chanting about, and remembering the Supreme Lord). However, because there was no good association, their sraddha began to dry up. Although they were approaching the stage of the second-class or intermediate devotee (madhyama-adhikari), and they even entered brahmacarya and the renounced order – from there they began to fall. They can be likened to a tree or creeper; after the sprouts develop some leaves, due to not getting water they will die. Therefore, we should try to always be in good association.

No mundane society can give Truth. However, if in society there are some good preachers like Srila Bhaktivedanta Svami Maharaja or Srila Bhaktisiddhanta Sarasvati Thakura Prabhupada, we can associate with them. After they left the vision of this world, the disciplic line of spiritual preceptors was still there; but the so-called followers are not true followers. They are hankering after the three W’s – wealth, women, and wine – and they will surely fall down.

We should try to know all these principles of devotion and gradually practice bhakti-yoga. If we are not practicing bhakti-yoga, we are animals like hogs or asses. Now you see that throughout the world, leaders and others are quarreling with each other like animals. Animals fight with nails and teeth, but these two legged animals create atom bombs and destroy millions of lives. They are more cruel-hearted than animals. They cannot control their senses, but they want to control the entire world.

Somehow maintaining our lives, we should therefore try to follow the doctrines of Krsna Consciousness and be happy forever. We should try for this.

Srila Jiva Gosvami has explained that there are three realms. One is the transcendental world, one is the innumerable souls, and one is the millions of material worlds. Everything is beyond matter in the transcendental world. There is no birth, death or suffering there.

There are two kinds of souls. One kind pertains to those who are liberated and serve God in the transcendental world of Vaikuntha (the spiritual planets where there is no anxiety); and they are all happy there. The other kind pertains to those who have forgotten God, and they are called conditioned souls. We are all conditioned souls. Our souls are covered with worldly elements like earth, water, fire, air and ether. Our bodies consist of these five elements. When one dies, then by burning or putting one’s body in a grave, the five elements of one’s body return to their original forms. But the soul never dies or takes birth.

Souls are in some ways the same as, and in some ways different from, God. As God has a beautiful body and so many powers and He tastes and has so many good qualities, souls also have beautiful bodies and so many good qualities. The difference between God and the souls is that God is infinite whereas souls are infinitesimal. The tiny souls cannot create worlds and they cannot control, but God can control everything. He is the master of maya (the deluding energy of this world). We souls undergo so many changes, but the Supreme Lord and His various incarnations are beyond maya. They do not come under control of the deluding energy of maya and are never unhappy.

Conditioned souls, those who forget the Supreme Personality of Godhead and misuse their independence, come to this world thinking, “I am this body, I am the doer of all things, I am the controller, I am the taster.” This is the symptom of conditioned souls. This world is made of five elements; earth, air, fire, water and ether. All souls have come from the Supreme Personality of Godhead, Krsna, and this world has also emanated from His power.

There are two kinds of powers: svarupa sakti or Yogamaya; and Mahamaya. Durga and Kali are the personalities of Mahamaya. They can create this world, but they cannot create souls. Souls are eternal; they are like God in that way. Souls are eternal, but when they forget the Supreme Personality of Godhead and desire their own happiness, they think, “I can do this and that.” They do not admit that they need God, and at that time maya takes them. In this way, there is some difference and some non-difference between God and the souls.

This world has also emanated from His illusory maya, so it also has some difference and non-difference from Him. The ancient Vedic scriptures state: Sakti-saktimator abhedah – there is no difference between the potent and potency. This philospohy is called acintya-bhedabheda tattva, or ‘inconceivable, simultaneous difference and non-difference’.

Srila Jiva Gosvami has explained these principles very well. No other acarya, not even Ramanujacarya or Madhavacarya, were able to give such explanations. How did Jiva Gosvami realize these topics? He did so by the mercy of Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu, who is Krsna, the Supreme Personality of Godhead Himself, in the form of a Guru in this world. Mahaprabhu explained these teachings to Sarvabhauma Bhattacarya, and Srila Jiva Gosvami learned it from Srila Sarvabhauma Bhattacarya’s disciple, Madhusudana Vacaspati He also studied various Vedic scriptures, after which he compiled Sat-Sandarbha. Therein he explained all philosophical truths. We cannot know these truths by reading books alone. We have to hear all these topics from pure devotees.

Srila Jiva Gosvami has also explained that we cannot know or realize the Supreme Personality of Godhead or our own soul by worldly knowledge, or by any knowledge, or by yoga such as astanga-yoga, or by austerities or by giving donations. Only by the practice of pure bhakti-yoga can we know.
You should understand that if God has no form, this world and all souls could not exist. It is told in the Bible – not only in Indian scriptures – that God created man after His own image. If God has no shape or form, then how can He create human bodies? It is not only stated in Indian scriptures and the Bible, but also in the Koran: “Inallah kalaka mein suratihi – Hoda (or Allah) has created human bodies similar to His own form.” If this were not so, then why has it been written in the Koran? God has a form and He is very merciful. We should try to trust Him.

We can become attached to God through bhakti-yoga, whereas we cannot do so by knowledge. We can understand this by an example: I may say, “By drinking water, we can quench our thirst.” If we do not drink water, our thirst will not leave simply by this knowledge. We must drink a glass of water, and then our thirst will go. Suppose you are hungry; you need food. I will tell you that by eating chapatis, rice, bread, butter, and some sweets, your hunger will go away. I am telling you this, but this knowledge alone will not give you foodstuffs. So, knowledge cannot do anything by itself. Bhakti is a practical activity, and by practicing it you will realize all knowledge.

What is bhakti? In its beginning it is called sadhana-bhakti, and then it becomes bhava-bhakti. Then, when it reaches its purest state, in its own constitutional form, it is called prema-bhakti.
We all have some affection and love in us. If a beautiful young girl and boy see each other, they will want to love each other. After that they are bound by marriage. Then, if after some time in marriage they quarrel, they will become divorced, and they will try to fulfill their desires again by taking another wife or husband.

If we are not happy in our householder life, we can have a dog. We say, “We can trust dogs.” Wives and husbands may divorce us, but dogs do not divorce. So we think we can trust in dogs.

Still, after some time, we see that the dog is dead. So there is nothing in this world that we can factually love. The only object of love is God. We are asraya, the abode of that love, but at present our love is impure and selfish. We love our very beautiful wife – if she serves and obeys us. If she has a bank account in her own name, if she is always quarreling, and if she is in love with another person, we will be upset.

In this body, our love and affection is not pure. It is amalgamated with selfishness. However, by chanting the name of Godhead, regularly hearing about Him and associating with realized Vaisnavas (devotees of Krsna), these devotees will tell you something about the process of bhakti-yoga and how you can develop this love and affection to Godhead. Vaisnavas are the only persons who are really happy. They know what this world is. They have no attachment to this body. Somehow maintaining their life, they always chant and remember and meditate on God.

The practice of bhakti-yoga is called sadhana. When some transcendental love and affection comes by such practices, but in a crude form, with the mind and intelligence in the mode of pure goodness (sattva), this is called bhava-bhakti. In bhava-bhakti, a soul can somewhat realize Krsna-prema, as well as the way in which he can serve Krsna. Then, after some time, prema will manifest.

Prema (pure love of God) in general is one, but it is divided in five sections: santa, sakhya, vatsalya and madhurya. Santa means love and affection toward God without any speciality of service. In santa -rasa one thinks, “God is great and we are His tiny parts and parcels. We should offer obeisances to Him. He is so merciful.” Santa-rasa is present when there is no worldly attachment. If worldly desires are present then one cannot have santa-rasa. Santa-rasa may come after liberation as was the case with the four Kumaras, Sanak, Sanandana, Sanatana and Sanata Kumara. They had no worldly attachment, but, they also had no special kind of love and affection for God.

Next is the mood of dasya -rasa, serving God as one’s master. A devotee in dasya-rasa thinks about Krsna thus: “You are my master. You are the root of the entire universe, its creation and destruction.” Moreover, in dasya-rasa there is service, as in the case of Hanuman, who is in the ‘servitor’ mood. We can serve God like this.

Next is the mood of sakhya-rasa, serving Krsna as a friend. A devotee in sakhya-rasa thinks thus: “God is my friend.” If you think like this, you can have God as a friend and serve Him as a friend. There are two kinds of friends; friends in Ayodhya (the abode of Sri Krsna’s expansion, Lord Rama) and friends in Vraja (the abode of Sri Krsna Himself). Friends in Ayodhya have friendship, but they have some awe and reverence thinking, “God is superior to me.” Lord Rama’s associates, like Sugriva, Laksmana, and Sita, are in this group. Sri Krsna has friends in Vraja, but these friends are bosom friends. Krsna and His friends always show affection for each other on an equal level. They can sleep on the same bed. They can eat and then share their food with Krsna, and Krsna also eats and then shares His remnants with them. They do not think that Krsna is God. This is a very sweet thing.

One can also think, “Krsna is my son.” “God is my son.” [In Vraja, Krsna’s parents do not know that God is God. They only know Him as their son.] This relationship (vatsalya-rasa) is superior to even the previous relationships I have described. If we see God as a father, that would not be the same, because it is the father who serves the son. The son does not serve the father. If we want to serve God in a parental mood, we can serve Him as His own parents. The father will take that son in his lap, embrace Him and give Him sweet things. Even if the father has become old, still he will serve his son.
We should not think that the Supreme Personality of Godhead is our father. This idea opposes our desire for loving service, because if God is father He would have to serve us. We tell our father, “Oh father, give me water, give me bread and butter.” On the other hand, if we think that God is our son, then we can serve Him. This mood is called vatsalya-bhava – fatherhood or motherhood. This is even sweeter than friendship.

Superior to vatsalya-rasa is madhurya-rasa (conjugal love). Madhurya-rasa is divided into two separate moods. Those ladies who are married to Krsna as a husband, by Vedic mantra and by law, are in svakiya-bhava. Examples of this relationship are Rukmini and Satyabhama. The ladies in the other mood, unwedded or paramour love (parakiya-bhava), have no cause for their loving relation other than love and affection itself. Their supreme stage of love does not depend on whether or not there is marriage. The gopis of Vraja are the example of this.

In this connection, there was much difference of opinion among the sampradaya acaryas such as Ramanujacarya, Madhvacarya, Visnusvami, Nimbaditya and Vallabhacarya. They did not accept the love of the gopis of Vraja. They only accept the love of those who have married Krsna – the love of Rukmini and Satyabhama..

In Vraja, the gopis are not married to Krsna, but they always think of their love for Him in their parakiya mood. Externally married to someone else, from birth and forever the gopis are always thinking of Krsna as their beloved. Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu and the pure devotees in His line, like Sri Madhavendra Puri, Sri Isvarapuri-pada and others like them, brought the knowledge of parakiya-rasa from Goloka Vrndavana. The other sampradaya acaryas do not accept this.

During Srila Jiva Gosvami’s time, he had two kinds of followers: those who wanted to follow the mood that God can be one’s beloved, and those in the other section who considered that only wedded love is okay. Those in the second section thought, “Krsna is the Supreme Personality of Godhead. How can He transgress the rules of sastra (the scriptures). I cannot accept that. He would not do such a thing.”
These were Srila Jiva Gosvami’s two kinds of disciples.

Sri Krsna has come in the form of Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu, having taken the beauty and intrinsic mood of Srimati Radhika. In that form He has preached in this world through kirtana, the chanting of God’s holy names: “Hare Krsna Hare Krsna Krsna Krsna Hare Hare, Hare Rama Hare Rama Rama Rama Hare Hare.” Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu ultimately came to teach the path of spontaneous devotion (raganuga-bhakti). For those disciples who were high-class Vaisnavas following raganuga-bhakti, Srila Jiva Gosvami wrote one type of literature, and for the other group he wrote another. He wanted to gradually bring those in the second group to the stage of understanding the paramour mood, the love between Krsna and the gopis.

After the disappearance of Jiva Goswami, there was a dispute among his disciples as to whether svakiya-bhava or parakiya-bhava was superior. They saw a difference between the two, although really there was no difference. Jiva Gosvami has taught svakiya mood from the angle of tattva (philosophical truth). By philosophical consideration, everything and everyone has come from Krsna, so there is no one who is parakiya (belonging to another). The gopis are manifestations of His svarupa-sakti, Srimati Radhika. They are not different from Srimati Radhika. So in that sense there is no parakiya – all are svakiya. *[See endnote 1]

Srila Visvantha Cakravarti Thakura and Srila Raghunatha dasa Gosvami accepted and explained parakiya by lila (pastimes) or by rasa-tattva, the consideration of transcendental mellows. So, both are right. Jiva Gosvami has accepted the statement from Srimad-Bhagavatam below, and this has also been explained by Rupa Gosvami:

pati-sutanvaya-bhratr-bandhavan
ativilanghya te ’nty acyutagataù
gati-vidas tavodgita-mohitah
kitava yositah kas tyajen nisi

[Dear Acyuta, You know very well why we have come here. Who but a cheater like You would abandon young women who come to see Him in the middle of the night, enchanted by the loud song of His flute? Just to see You, we have completely rejected our husbands, children, ancestors, brothers and other relatives.

(Gopi-gita verse 16)]
na paraye 'ham niravadya-samyujam
sva-sadhu-krtyam vibudhayusapi vah
ya mabhajan durjara-geha-srnkhalah
samvrscya tad vah pratiyatu sadhuna

“I am not able to repay My debt for your spotless service, even within a lifetime of Brahma. Your connection with Me is beyond reproach. You have worshiped Me, cutting off all domestic ties, which are extremely difficult to break. Therefore please let your own glorious deeds be your compensation.”
(Srimad-Bhagavatam, 10.32.22)]

The mood of parakiya is very distinct and prominent in so many verses of Srimad-Bhagavatam. There must be parakiya in Goloka Vrndavana, otherwise how would it come to manifest in Krsna’s prakata-lila (those pastimes that are manifest in this world) in Vraja? There is only a difference of opinion in the thinking of some of Jiva Gosvami’s disciples, but actually there is no difference. There are so many things to explain, but now it is late.

We should adopt bhaki-yoga; it is very easy to do. You can chant the name of God in the day or in the night, whether you are Hindu, Muslim or Christian, or from any religion. Even animals can hear when you chant loudly, and they can also be liberated. You can chant the name of Hare Krsna if you are poor, and you can chant if you are rich. You can chant after bathing or without having had a bath at all, with or without meals, sitting or standing, or in any condition. There is no dependence on wealth or situation. The Hare Krsna Mantra is the essence of all Vedic scriptures. We should therefore try to chant, “Hare Krsna Hare Krsna Krsna Krsna Hare Hare, Hare Rama Hare Rama Rama Rama Hare Hare.”

We have invented divisions thinking, “This is India, this is America, this is Australia,” and we make passports and visas. But God is one without a second. God is One, and we can chant to Him and pray to Him to be merciful to us. This chanting of the holy name is the supreme process for perfection of life, so we should try to practice chanting.

The End

[Endnote 1: “Srila Jiva Gosvami and Srila Visvanatha Cakravarti Thakura, in their commentaries on Sri Ujjvala-Nilamani, have presented detailed deliberations on svakiya and parakiya. Both conclusions are appropriate in their respective places. The only difference is their angle of vision. Srila Jiva Gosvami has favored svakiya from the perspective of tattva, whereas Srila Visvanatha Cakravarti Thakura has supported parakiya-bhava from the viewpoint of lila.” (Raga-vartma-candrika, p 93-94)

“It is an established truth that the gopis are Krsna’s svarupa-sakti, extensions of His personal power; hence, they are Krsna’s svakiya, unquestionably His own. [sva means ‘own’, and para means ‘other’.] There is no possibility of their being anyone else’s wives. Still, we see that in prakiya-lila, the gopis do appear to be the wives of others, but this is only an implicit conviction created by Yogamaya.
There is a secret meaning in the statement of Sri Jiva Gosvami, which, if brought to light, will automatically dispel all types of doubts. The revered Sri Jiva Gosvami, the foremost follower of Srila Rupa and Sanatana Gosvamis, is the tattvacarya of the Gaudiya Vaisnavas. Furthermore, in Krsna-lila he is a manjari. Therefore, there is no secret truth that is unknown to him. Those who do not understand his esoteric intentions raise arguments accepting and rejecting his ideas by presenting their own concocted interpretations. According to Sri Rupa-Sanatana’s vision, there is no difference between parakiya- and svakiya pastimes – they are identical.” (Raga-vartma-candrika, p 95-96)]

Editorial Advisors: Sripad Madhava Maharajá and Sripad Brajanath dasa
Transcriber: Tulasi dasi
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Proofreader: Krsna-kamini dasi
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